Overview

Targeted nutrients

Recommended for over 10 years by naturopathic and medical experts, Clinical Nutrients Men contains essential nutrients to support the key health concerns of men, including additional support for prostate and sexual health.^†

Provides more nutritional power^†

Based on milligram to milligram comparisons with the leading competitor, Clinical Nutrients Men provides more support for healthy aging, digestion, blood sugar, energy, bones, and the immune system.^†

Easy to swallow

The all natural coating is made with organic spirulina, and makes swallowing these vitamins effortless. Better health has never been easier to swallow!^†

Why use this product?

You need the targeted nutrient power. Many Americans have nutritional gaps in their diets - even when they try to eat a healthy diet. Multivitamins can help fill those gaps.

Directions

Take three tablets daily with water to activate easy-to-swallow tablet coating. Best if taken with food.

Interactions and Depletions

Technical Data

Description

Doctor's Choice™ dietary supplements are comprehensive multivitamin and mineral supplements formulated with clinically effective levels of nutrients. The high potency combination of essential vitamins, minerals, and key nutrients are designed to meet the different needs of all age and gender groups.

• Age and gender specific formulas to meet nutrient needs of different life stages
• Optimal levels of nutrients, provided in their most bioavailable forms for easy assimilation*
• High quality, consistent products manufactured at an FDA registered drug establishment
• Specialized coating to ease swallowing
• Sensitive Stomach option available to meet individual needs




How Does It Work?


Why Take Multivitamins
Research shows that most Americans don't get the recommended daily allowances of vitamins and minerals from their diets. ¹ And, busy lifestyles take a toll on nutrient stores of vitamins and minerals needed for optimal energy production and healthy stress management. Requirements for nutritional support of the body can be altered due to changes in nutritional availability, time commitments, stress levels and energy requirements that individuals may experience on a daily basis. ^2,3

Water soluble nutrients such as the B-vitamins, vitamin C and certain minerals are not stored in the body, and so require constant replenishing. They're required to support daily energy levels, to form neurotransmitters, hormones, and immune system substances, and to protect from the effects of stress, aging, occasional sleeplessness and oxidative stress.*⁴

Natural phytonutrients such as lutein, zeaxanthin, hesperidin and fruit extracts can round out the nutritional profile of a high-quality multiple. ^5-7

Multivitamin and mineral supplements have been clinically shown to enhance many aspects of health.* ⁸ In order to provide optimal health benefits, the supplement must provide a full range of essential vitamins and minerals, at clinically effective levels, along with other nutrients that provide targeted support to the body's organs and systems.*⁸

Most once-daily multivitamins are formulated to provide only the recommended daily allowances (RDA), which is defined as the minimum amount of a vitamin or mineral that is required to prevent a deficiency disease (i.e., scurvy, rickets). ⁹ The RDAs are not necessarily the amount required for optimum health.

Doctor's Choice™ multivitamins are formulated to provide essential nutrients for energy, bone support, digestion, vision, healthy aging, blood sugar metabolism, and immune health.*

Making Multivitamins Easier to Swallow
An online survey of 679 adults found that 40 percent of them had difficulty swallowing pills. Factors that affected the perceived difficulty in swallowing the pill included the size of the pill and the shape. ¹⁰ Comprehensive multivitamins, by their very nature, can be large tablets.

To make Doctor's Choice™ Daily Multiples easier to swallow, they are coated using OrganiGlide™ Technology. This unique, OrganiGlide coating is composed of organic spirulina and natural acacia gum that protects the nutrients from light and moisture while helping the tablet slide down the esophagus.

Key Multivitamin Ingredients
Doctor's Choice™ Daily Multiples offer the following ingredients that are key to good health:

Ingredient	Key Functions and Benefits
Vitamin A and Beta-Carotene	Helps support healthy skin and mucous membrane integrity; supports healthy immune system responses; supports healthy bone growth and healthy reproductive processes.* Beta-carotene, a precursor of vitamin A, is an antioxidant and free radical fighter.* 11-14 Vitamin A also supports the function of heart mitochondria (energy-producing cells) and maintains the general health and vigor of epithelial cells.*13,15
Vitamin C	Necessary for the proper functioning of the immune system; antioxidant and free radical fighter; assists with hormone synthesis; supports healthy skin integrity; supports healthy iron absorption*16-19 Promotes many metabolic reactions, particularly protein metabolism, including formation of connective tissue* Vitamin C also provides protection for the inner lining of the arteries.*20
Vitamin D	Supports healthy metabolism of calcium and phosphorus; supports the absorption of vitamin A; supports bone mineralization* 21-23 Recent research has shown that Vitamin D is important to the maintenance of electrolyte balance, volume balance and helps support the retention of healthy blood pressure levels that are already within normal limits.* 24-26 Also boosts immune function.* 27
Vitamin E	Helps oxygen circulation; supports healthy nerve transmissions; supports healthy leg nerves and muscles; helps boost energy levels* 28-30 Vitamin E also inhibits the oxidation of low density lipids by inactivating free radicals.*29 It supports fatty acids and healthy development of cell structures. 33 Supports healthy platelet activity*29,31
Potassium	Supports healthy nervous system; supports regular heart rhythm; supports proper muscle contraction, especially cardiac muscle contraction* 32-34
Bilberry (Vaccinium myrtillus)	Rich in flavonoids and supports eye health* 35
Lutein	Lutein scavenges free reactive oxidative species, supports eye health, and may support healthy cholesterol levels already within normal limits* 5,36-38
Lycopene	An antioxidant that provides protection to the inside surfaces of artery walls* Assists in cholesterol metabolism* 39,40
Vegetable Blend	Vegetables are important sources of antioxidants.* Cruciferous vegetables contain glucosinolates, which are important for cellular health. 41,42 Cruciferous vegetables, such as broccoli, cauliflower, and cabbage, contain several phytochemicals including indole-3-carbinol (I3C), phenethyl isothiocyanate (PEITC), sulforaphane, and diindolylmethane (DIM). 43-47 These cruficerous vegetables are important for healthy hormone metabolism.*47,48

Ingredients for Digestion*
Doctor's Choice™ provides the following ingredients to promote healthy digestion:*

Ingredient	Key Functions and Benefits
Ginger	Supports body's anti-inflammatory response; supports healthy stomach function.* 49,50

Ingredients for Blood Sugar Metabolism*
Doctor's Choice™ provides the following ingredients to support blood sugar metabolism already within the normal range:*

Ingredient	Key Functions and Benefits
Chromium	Supports healthy carbohydrate metabolism; helps maintain healthy blood glucose concentration already within normal range; may increase insulin binding and the number of insulin receptors.* 51,52 Helps support the retention of healthy cholesterol levels that are already within normal limits.*51,52
Vanadium	An essential trace element, vanadium supports glucose and lipid metabolism* Vanadium adds support to sodium and potassium transport in the red blood cell.* 53-55
Cinnamon Bark	Supports healthy immune system; helps maintain healthy blood glucose metabolism already within normal limits; supports healthy digestion; supports healthy bacterial balance in the intestines.* 56-58

Ingredients for Healthy Aging and Immunity*
Doctor's Choice™ provides the following ingredients to support healthy aging and immunity:*

Ingredient	Key Functions and Benefits
Iodine	Required by thyroid gland to synthesize thyroid hormones, which regulate the basal metabolic rate; the thyroid gland is critically linked to effective cardiac functioning.* 59 Contributes to the efficiency of the pumping strength of the heart muscle; supports healthy metabolic rate; supports healthy growth regulation.*59
Zinc	Supports healthy immune system; supports healthy enzyme processes; supports healthy immune response* 60 Involved in protein digestion; Zinc has been shown in clinical trials to support healthy aortic valves and overall cardiovascular health.* 61 Supports prostate health in men* 62
Selenium	An essential trace element; with vitamin E supports healthy cell membranes; supports healthy thyroid functioning* 63-66 Research also shows that selenium supports cardiovascular function.* 67 Supplementation of selenium has been shown to promote prostate health.*68
Copper	Supports healthy energy metabolism, healthy skin integrity; helps iron utilization; required with iron for synthesis of hemoglobin.* 69,70 Provides significant support for healthy heart muscles.* 71-73 Component of coenzymes in electron transport chain and enzyme necessary for melanin pigment formation.*69,70
Manganese	Supports healthy metabolic reactions; activates several enzymes and has antioxidant properties; needed for hemoglobin synthesis, urea formation, growth, reproduction, lactation, bone formation, possibly the production and release of insulin and inhibiting cell damage.* 74,75
Chromium	Supports healthy carbohydrate metabolism; helps maintain healthy blood glucose concentration already within normal range; may increase insulin binding and the number of insulin receptors.* 76,77 Helps support the retention of healthy cholesterol levels that are already within normal limits.*76,77
Molybdenum	Supports healthy iron metabolism; supports healthy uric acid production; supports healthy sexual functioning in men* 78,79 Functions as a cofactor for three enzymes which contribute to the antioxidant capacity of the blood and also plays a role in the metabolism of prescription medications.*78,79
Boron	Supports healthy bone and joint function; supports healthy muscle health; supports healthy muscle synthesis* 80
Green Tea	Polyphenols in green tea act as potent antioxidants; supports cellular health.*81
Sweet Cherry Fruit Extract	Rich in antioxidants and supports the immune system.* 82,83
Inositol	Supports healthy nerve cell transmission.*84,85
Pomegranate (40% ellagic acid)	Pomegranate is a polyphenol antioxidant; fights free radicals; promotes prostate and breast cell health.* 86,87
Polygonnum Cuspitadium, 50% Resveratrol	A potent antioxidant; supports healthy aging and cardiovascular health.* 88,89

Ingredients for Bone Health*
Doctor's Choice™ provides the following ingredients for bone health:*

Ingredient	Key Functions and Benefits
Calcium	Necessary for bone and joint health;* allows proper interaction of myosin and actin, proteins in the muscles, to support proper contraction* 90-93
Magnesium	Magnesium regulates nerve muscle firing.* 94-97 Required for normal functioning of muscle and nervous tissue; participates in bone formation;* constituent of many coenzymes.95,96 Supports a healthy immune system and enzymes involved in energy production*94-97
Selenium	An essential trace element; with vitamin E supports healthy cell membranes; supports healthy thyroid functioning* 98-101 Research also shows that selenium supports cardiovascular function.*102 Supplementation of selenium has been shown to promote prostate health.* 103
Manganese	Supports healthy metabolic reactions; activates several enzymes and has antioxidant properties; needed for hemoglobin synthesis, urea formation, growth, reproduction, lactation, bone formation, possibly the production and release of insulin and inhibiting cell damage.* 104,105
Boron	Supports healthy bone and joint function; supports healthy muscle health; supports healthy muscle synthesis*106

Ingredients for Energy*
Doctor's Choice™ provides the following ingredients for energy:*

Ingredient	Key Functions and Benefits
Thiamin (Vitamin B1)	Essential for carbohydrate metabolism; important for immune system functioning; affects mood and cognitive function* 107,108 Essential for synthesis of acetycholine*109
Riboflavin (Vitamin B2)	Riboflavin (vitamin B2) is crucial in the production of body energy.* Supports healthy glutathione reductase activity, which helps maintain glutathione, a major protector against free radical damage.* Vitamin B2 itself also has antioxidant qualities.* 110-112
Niacin	Supports healthy cholesterol production and assists in triglyceride breakdown to retain healthy cholesterol levels that are already within normal limits*113-117 Increases good cholesterol levels, particularly HDL-2 (the best cholesterol).*118 Niacin supports the retention of healthy blood pressure that is already within normal limits.*119
Vitamin B6	A homocysteine lowering agent that also supports healthy circulation.*120,121 Essential coenzyme for normal amino acid metabolism; assists in production of circulating antibodies* 122
Folic Acid	Folic acid's main function is support of healthy energy production.* It supports healthy immune system and healthy nervous system function.* Recent research shows folic acid can reduce the amount of the amino acid homocysteine in the blood.* 123-126
Vitamin B12	This essential nutrient supports healthy human energy production.* Vitamin B12 helps support metabolism of carbohydrates and fats.* It supports healthy cell formation and cellular longevity.*126-128
Biotin	Essential coenzyme required by the mitochondria for cellular production of energy.* 129 Required for the conversion of pyruvic acid to oxaloacetic acid and the synthesis of fatty acids and purines; supports healthy hair and skin.*129-131
Pantothenic Acid	In clinical studies, when combined with other heart healthy nutrients, pantothenic acid supported the muscle strength of the heart.*132 Essential for transfer of pyruvic acid into Krebs cycle, conversion of lipids and amino acids into glucose, and synthesis of cholesterol and steroid hormones*133
Choline Bitartrate	Choline contains methyl group, and methyl groups from choline convert homocysteine into a useful amino acid.*134 Choline is important for the structural integrity of cell membranes and lipid and cholesterol transport and metabolism.* 135,136





Recommendations



• Clinical Nutrients for Men™ (10049): take 3 tablets daily




Precautions


See individual product label.



How Is It Supplied?



• 10049; 90 tablets




Storage Recommendations


Store at controlled room temperature, 59° to 86°F (15° – 30°C).



References



1. White E, Patterson RE, Kristal AR, Thornquist M, King I, Shattuck AL, Evans I, Satia-Abouta J, Littman AJ, Potter JD. Vitamins and lifestyle cohort study: study design and characteristics of supplement users. Am J Epidemiol. 2004 Jan 1;159(1):83-93.
2. Murphy SP, Allen LH. Nutritional importance of animal source foods. J Nutr. 2003 Nov;133(11 Suppl 2):3932S-3935S.
3. Alexy U, Sichert-Hellert W, Kersting M. Associations between intake of added sugars and intakes of nutrients and food groups in the diets of German children and adolescents. Br J Nutr. 2003 Aug;90(2):441-7.
4. Hultman E, Harris RC, Spriet LL. Energy substrates available for work. In: Shils ME, Olson JA, Shine M, Ross AC, Eds. Modern Nutrition in Health and Disease 9th ed. Baltimore, Md: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins; 1999: 762-764.
5. Granado F, Olmedilla B, Blanco I. Nutritional and clinical relevance of lutein in human health. Br J Nutr. 2003;90(3):487-502.
6. Ou S. Pharmacological action of hesperidin. Zhong Yao Cai. 2002;25(7):531-3.
7. Duthie GG, Gardner PT, Kyle JA. Plant polyphenols: are they the new magic bullet? Proc Nutr Soc. 2003;62(3):599-603.
8. Bendich A, Mallick R, Leader S. Potential health economic benefits of vitamin supplementation. West J Med. 1997 May;166(5):306-12.
9. Lachance PA. International perspective: Basis, need, and application of Recommended Dietary Allowances. Nutr Rev. 1998;56:S2-S4.
10. 40% Of American Adults Report Experiencing Difficulty Swallowing Pills. Reported in: Swallowing an underestimated problem in adults, says survey. Available at: http://www.in-pharmatechnologist.com/news/ng.asp?id=49124-swallowing-an-underestimated. Accessed on November 6, 2007.
11. Berdanier CD, Everts HB, Hermoyian C, Mathews CE. Role of vitamin A in mitochondrial gene expression. Diabetes Res Clin Pract. 2001;54:S11-27.
12. Bates CJ. Vitamin A. Lancet. 1995;345:31-35.
13. Ross AC. Vitamin A and retinoids. In: Shils ME, Olson JA, Shine M, Ross AC, Eds. Modern Nutrition in Health and Disease. 9th ed. Baltimore, Md: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins; 1999:305-328.
14. Everts HB, Claassen DO, Hermoyian CL, Berdanier CD. Nutrient-gene interaction: dietary vitamin A and mitochondrial gene expression. IUBMB Life. 2002;6:295-301.
15. Tortora GJ, Grabowski SR. Principles of Anatomy and Physiology. 8th ed. New York, NY. Harper and Row. 1996:837-838.
16. Nieman DC, Henson DA, McAnulty SR, et al. Influence of vitamin C supplementation on oxidative and immune changes after an ultramarathon. J Appl Physiol. 2002;92:1970-7. 2.
17. Li X, Cobb CE, Hill KE, Burk RF, May JM. Mitochondrial uptake and recycling of ascorbic acid. Arch Biochem Biophys. 2001;387:143-53.
18. Jacob RA. Vitamin C. In: Shils ME, Olson JA, Shine M, Ross AC, Eds. Modern Nutrition in Health and Disease. 9th ed. Baltimore, Md: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins; 1999:467-483.
19. NCI FACT SHEET: Antioxidants and cancer prevention. Available at: http://www.cancer.gov/newscenter/pressreleases/antioxidants. Accessed October 28, 2003.
20. Fleming T., ed. Vitamin C. In: PDR® for Nutritional Supplements. Montvale, NJ: Medical Economics Company; 2001: 486-498.
21. Brown AJ. Therapeutic uses of vitamin D analogues. Am J Kidney Dis. 2001;3:S3-S19.
22. Miller WL, Portale AA. Genetics of vitamin D biosynthesis and its disorders. Best Pract Res Clin Endocrinol Metab. 2001;15:95-109. 28.
23. Fleming T., ed. Vitamin D. In: PDR® for Nutritional Supplements. Montvale, NJ: Medical Economics Company; 2001: 498-505.
24. Chun Li Y, Kong J, Wei M, et al. 1,25-Dihydroxyvitamin D3 is a negative endocrine regulator of the renin-angiotension system. J Clin Invest. 2002;110:229-238.
25. Tukaj C, Kubasik-Juraniec J, Kraszpulski M. Morphological changes of aortal smooth muscle cells exposed to calcitrol in culture. Med Sci Monit. 2000;4:668-674.
26. Charniot JC, Alexeeva A, Laurent S. Reversible hypokinetic cardiomyopathy revealing severe hypocalcemia. Arch Mal Coeur Vaiss. 2001;7:747-50.
27. Holick MF. Vitamin D deficiency. N Engl J Med. 2007 Jul 19;357(3):266-81.
28. Ebrahim AS, Babu E, Thirunavukkarasu C, Sakthisekaran D. Protective role of vitamin E, 2-deoxy-D-glucose, and taurine on perchloroethylene induced alterations in ATPases. Drug Chem Toxicol. 2001;24:429-37.
29. Traber MG, Arai H. Molecular mechanisms of vitamin E transport. Annu Rev Nutr. 1999;19:343-55.
30. Fleming T., ed. Vitamin E. In: PDR® for Nutritional Supplements. Montvale, NJ: Medical Economics Company; 2001: 505-522.
31. Canbaz S, Duran E, Ege T, et al. The effects of intracoronary administration of vitamin E on myocardial ischemia-reperfusion injury during coronary artery surgery. Thorac Cardiovasc Surg. 2003; 2:57-61.
32. Fleming T., ed. Potassium. In: PDR® for Nutritional Supplements. Montvale, NJ: Medical Economics Company; 2001:368-372.
33. Young DB, Lin H, McCabe RD. Potassium's cardiovascular protective metabolism. Am J Physiol. 1995;268:825-837.
34. Young DB, Ma G. Vascular protective effects of potassium. Semin Nephrol. 1999;19:477-486.
35. Fleming T., ed. Bilberry. In: PDR® for Herbal Supplements. Montvale, NJ: Medical Economics Company; 2000:75-78.
36. Semba RD, Dagnelie G. Are lutein and zeaxanthin conditionally essential nutrients for eye health? Med Hypotheses. 2003;4:465-72. 2.
37. Linseisen J, Hoffmann J, Reidl J, Wolfram G. Effect of a single oral dose of antioxidant mixture (vitamin E, carotenoids) on the formulation of cholesterol oxidation products after ex vivo DDL oxidation in humans. Eur J Med Res. 1998;1-2:5-12.
38. Lowe GM, Bilton RF, Davies IG, et al. Carotenoid composition and antioxidant potential in subfractions of human low-density lipoprotein. Ann Clin Biochem. 1999;36:323-32.
39. Sesso HD, Liu S, Gaziano JM, Buring JE. Dietary lycopene, tomato-based food products and cardiovascular disease in women. J Nutr. 2003;133:2336-2341.
40. Arab L, Steck S. Lycopene and cardiovascular disease. Am J Clin Nutr. 2000;71:1691S-1695S.
41. Talalay P, Fahey JW. Phytochemicals from cruciferous plants protect against cancer by modulating carcinogen metabolism. J Nutr. 2001 Nov;131(11 Suppl):3027S-33S.
42. Brennan P, Hsu CC, Moullan N, Szeszenia-Dabrowska N, Lissowska J, Zaridze D, Rudnai P, Fabianova E, Mates D, Bencko V, Foretova L, Janout V, Gemignani F, Chabrier A, Hall J, Hung RJ, Boffetta P, Canzian F. Effect of cruciferous vegetables on lung cancer in patients stratified by genetic status: a mendelian randomisation approach. Lancet. 2005 Oct 29-Nov 4;366(9496):1558-60.
43. Verhoeven DT, Goldbohm RA, van Poppel G, Verhagen H, van den Brandt PA. Epidemiological studies on brassica vegetables and cancer risk. Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev. 1996;5:733-748.
44. Kolonel LN, Hankin JH, Whittemore AS, et al. Vegetables, fruits, legumes and prostate cancer: a multiethnic case-control study. Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev. 2000;9:795-804.
45. Fahey JW, Zhang Y, Talalay P. Broccoli sprouts: an exceptionally rich source of inducers of enzymes that protect against chemical carcinogens. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1997;94:10367-72.
46. Brooks JD, Paton VG, Vidanes G. Potent induction of phase 2 enzymes in human prostate cells by sulforaphane. Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev. 2001;10:949-954.
47. Jellinck PH, Forkert PG, Riddick DS, Okey AB, Michnovicz JJ, Bradlow HL. Ah receptor binding properties of indole carbinols and induction of hepatic estradiol hydroxylation. Biochem Pharmacol. 1993;45:1129-36.
48. Le HT, Schaldach CM, Firestone GL, Bjeldanes LF. Plant-derived 3,3'-Diindolylmethane is a strong androgen antagonist in human prostate cancer cells. J Biol Chem. 2003;278:21136-45.
49. Grzanna R, Lindmark L, Frondoza CG. Ginger—an herbal medicinal product with broad anti-inflammatory actions. J Med Food. 2005 Summer;8(2):125-32.
50. Fleming T., ed. Ginger. In: PDR® for Herbal Supplements. Montvale, NJ: Medical Economics Company; 2000:362-367.
51. Fleming T., ed. Chromium. In: PDR® for Nutritional Supplements. Montvale, NJ: Medical Economics Company; 2001:96-100.
52. Vincent J. The biochemistry of chromium. J Nutr. 2000;130:715-718.
53. Barceloux DG. Vanadium. J Toxicol Clin Toxicol. 1999;2:265-78.
54. Carmignani M, Volpe AR, Masci O, et al. Vanadate as factor of cardiovascular regulation by interactions with the catecholamine and nitric oxide systems. Biol Trace Elem Res. 1996;1:1-12.
55. Wardlaw GM, Insel PM. Perspectives in Nutrition. 2nd ed. St. Louis, MO: Mosby; 1993:482-3.
56. Senhaji O, Faid M, Kalalou I. Inactivation of Escherichia coli O157:H7 by essential oil from Cinnamomum zeylanicum. Braz J Infect Dis. 2007 Apr;11(2):234-6.
57. Solomon TP, Blannin AK. Effects of short-term cinnamon ingestion on in vivo glucose tolerance. Diabetes Obes Metab. 2007 Nov;9(6):895-901.
58. Fleming T., ed. Cinnamon. In: PDR® for Herbal Supplements. Montvale, NJ: Medical Economics Company; 2000:199-201.
59. Hetzel BS, Clugston GA. Iodine. In: Shils ME, Olson JA, Shine M, Ross AC, Eds. Modern Nutrition in Health and Disease. 9th ed. Baltimore, Md: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins; 1999:253-264.
60. Lastra MD, Pastelin R, Camacho A, Monroy B, Aguilar AE. Zinc intervention on macrophages and lymphocytes response. J Trace Elem Med Biol. 2001;15:5-10.
61. Micheletti A, Rossi R, Rufini S. Zinc status in athletes: relation to diet and exercise. Sports Med. 2001;31:577-82.
62. Liang JY, Liu YY, Zou J, Franklin RB, Costello LC, Feng P. Inhibitory effect of zinc on human prostatic carcinoma cell growth. Prostate. 1999 Aug 1;40(3):200-7.
63. Combs GF Jr. Impact of selenium and cancer-prevention findings on the nutrition-health paradigm. Nutr Cancer. 2001;40:6-11.
64. Brown KM, Arthur JR. Selenium, selenoproteins and human health: a review. Public Health Nutr. 2001 Apr;4(2B):593-9.
65. Patel JC. Human health and selenium. Indian J Med Sci. 2000 Dec;54(12):563-6.
66. Burk RF, Levander OA. Selenium. In: Shils ME, Olson JA, Shine M, Ross AC, Eds. Modern Nutrition in Health and Disease. 9th ed. Baltimore, Md: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins; 1999:262-276.
67. Alissa EM, Bahijri SM, Ferns GA. The controversy surrounding selenium and cardiovascular disease: a review of the evidence. Med Sci Monit. 2003;1:RA9-18.
68. Giovannucci E. Selenium and risk of prostate cancer. Lancet. 1998;352:755-756.
69. Turnland JR. Copper. In: Shils ME, Olson JA, Shine M, Ross AC, Eds. Modern Nutrition in Health and Disease. 9th ed. Baltimore, Md: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins; 1999:241-252.
70. Fleming T., ed. Copper. In: PDR® for Nutritional Supplements. Montvale, NJ: Medical Economics Company; 2001: 112-114.
71. Elsherif L, Ortines RV, Saari JT, Kang YJ. Congestive heart failure in copper deficient mice. Exp Biol Med (Maywood). 2003;7:811-17.
72. Medeiros DM, Wildman RE. Newer findings on a unified perspective of copper restriction and cardiomyopathy. Exp Biol Med. 1997;215:299-313.
73. Heller LJ, Mohrman DE, Prohaska JR. Decreased passive stiffness of cardiac myocytes and cardiac tissue from copper deficient rat hearts. Am J Physiol Heart Physiol.2000;8:H1840-H1847.
74. Neilsen FH. Manganese. In: Shils ME, Olson JA, Shine M, Ross AC, Eds. Modern Nutrition in Health and Disease. 9th ed. Baltimore, Md: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins; 1999: 289-292. 77.
75. Keen CL, Ensunsa JL, Watson MH, et al. Nutritional aspects of manganese from experimental studies. Neurotoxicol. 1999;20:213-223.
76. Fleming T., ed. Chromium. In: PDR® for Nutritional Supplements. Montvale, NJ: Medical Economics Company; 2001:96-100.
77. Vincent J. The biochemistry of chromium. J Nutr. 2000;130:715-718.
78. Neilsen FH . Molybdenum. In: Shils ME, Olson JA, Shine M, Ross AC, Eds. Modern Nutrition in Health and Disease. 9th ed. Baltimore, Md: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins;1999: 292-293.
79. Mendel RR. The role of the molybdenum cofactor in humans. BioFactors. 2000;11:147-148.
80. Nielsen FH. Boron. In: Shils ME, Olson JA, Shine M, Ross AC, Eds. Modern Nutrition in Health and Disease. 9th ed. Baltimore, Md: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins;1999: 286-288.
81. Fleming T., ed. Green Tea. In: PDR® for Herbal Supplements. Montvale, NJ: Medical Economics Company; 2000:408-414.
82. Havsteen B, Flavonoids: A class of natural products of high pharmacological potency. Biochem Pharm. 1983;32:1141-1148
83. Blando F, Gerardi C, Nicoletti I. Sour Cherry (Prunus cerasus L) Anthocyanins as Ingredients for Functional Foods. J Biomed Biotechnol. 2004;2004(5):253-258.
84. Colodny L, Hoffman RL. Inositol? Clinical applications for exogenous use. Altern Med Rev. 1998;3:432-447.
85. Fleming T., ed. Myo-inositol. In: PDR® for Nutritional Supplements. Montvale, NJ: Medical Economics Company; 2001:315-318.
86. Pantuck AJ, Leppert JT, Zomorodian N, Aronson W, Hong J, Barnard RJ, Seeram N, Liker H, Wang H, Elashoff R, Heber D, Aviram M, Ignarro L, Belldegrun A. Phase II study of pomegranate juice for men with rising prostate-specific antigen following surgery or radiation for prostate cancer. Clin Cancer Res. 2006 Jul 1;12(13):4018-26.
87. Jeune MA, Kumi-Diaka J, Brown J. Anticancer activities of pomegranate extracts and genistein in human breast cancer cells. J Med Food. 2005 Winter;8(4):469-75.
88. Baur JA, Sinclair DA. Therapeutic potential of resveratrol: the in vivo evidence. Nat Rev Drug Discov. 2006;5:493-506.
89. Valenzano DR, Terzibasi E, Genade T, Cattaneo A, Domenici L, Cellerino A. Resveratrol prolongs lifespan and retards the onset of age-related markers in a short-lived vertebrate. Curr Biol. 2006;16:296-300.
90. Heaney RP. Long-latency deficiency disease: insights from calcium and vitamin D. Am J Clin Nutr. 2003;78(5):912-9.
91. Wardlaw GM, Insel PM. Perspectives in Nutrition. 2nd ed. St. Louis, MO: Mosby; 1993:437-447.
92. Berridge MJ. Cardiac calcium signaling. Biochem Soc Trans. 2003;5:930-33.
93. Fleming T., ed. Calcium. In: PDR® for Nutritional Supplements. Montvale, NJ: Medical Economics Company; 2001: 74-79..
94. Shils ME. Magnesium In: Shils ME, Olson JA, Shine M, Ross AC, Eds. Modern Nutrition in Health and Disease. 9th ed. Baltimore, Md: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins; 1999:169-192. 59.
95. Lourenco R, Camilo ME. Magnesium: physiological and clinical relevance. 1: homeostasis and alterations in the metabolism of magnesium. Acta Med Port. 2000;13:211-20.
96. Martini LA. Magnesium supplementation and bone turnover. Nutr Rev. 1999;57:227-9.,/li>
97. Reinhart RA. Magnesium metabolism. Wis Med J. 1990 Oct;89:579-83.
98. Combs GF Jr. Impact of selenium and cancer-prevention findings on the nutrition-health paradigm. Nutr Cancer. 2001;40:6-11.
99. Brown KM, Arthur JR. Selenium, selenoproteins and human health: a review. Public Health Nutr. 2001 Apr;4(2B):593-9.
100. Patel JC. Human health and selenium. Indian J Med Sci. 2000 Dec;54(12):563-6.
101. Burk RF, Levander OA. Selenium. In: Shils ME, Olson JA, Shine M, Ross AC, Eds. Modern Nutrition in Health and Disease. 9th ed. Baltimore, Md: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins; 1999:262-276.
102. Alissa EM, Bahijri SM, Ferns GA. The controversy surrounding selenium and cardiovascular disease: a review of the evidence. Med Sci Monit. 2003;1:RA9-18.
103. Giovannucci E. Selenium and risk of prostate cancer. Lancet. 1998;352:755-756.
104. Neilsen FH. Manganese. In: Shils ME, Olson JA, Shine M, Ross AC, Eds. Modern Nutrition in Health and Disease. 9th ed. Baltimore, Md: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins; 1999: 289-292. 77.
105. Keen CL, Ensunsa JL, Watson MH, et al. Nutritional aspects of manganese from experimental studies. Neurotoxicol. 1999;20:213-223.
106. Nielsen FH. Boron. In: Shils ME, Olson JA, Shine M, Ross AC, Eds. Modern Nutrition in Health and Disease. 9th ed. Baltimore, Md: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins;1999: 286-288.
107. Fleming T., ed. Thiamin. In: PDR® for Nutritional Supplements. Montvale, NJ: Medical Economics Company; 2001: 445-451.
108. Woodlaw G, Insel P. Thiamin. In: Perspectives in Nutrition 2nd ed. Mosby; St. Louis Mo., 1993; 382-384.
109. Grodner M, Anderson SL, DeYoung S. Thiamin In: Foundations and Clinical Applications of Nutrition: A Nursing Approach. St. Louis, MO: Mosby; 2000:175-177.
110. McCormick DB. Riboflavin. In: Shils ME, Olson JA, Shine M, Ross AC, Eds. Modern Nutrition in Health and Disease. 9th ed. Baltimore, Md: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins; 1999:391-399.
111. Heap LC, Peters TJ, Wessely S. Vitamin B status in patients with chronic fatigue syndrome. J R Soc Med. 1999;92:183-5.
112. Rokitzki L, Sagredos A, Keck E, Sauer B, Keul J. Assessment of vitamin B2 status in performance athletes of various types of sports. J Nutr Sci Vitaminol (Tokyo). 1994;40:11-22.
113. Robinson AW, Sloan HL, Arnold G. Use of niacin in the prevention and management of hyperlipidemia. Prog Cardiovasc Nurs. 2001;1:14-20.
114. Pearson TA. Divergent approaches to the treatment of dyslipidemia with low levels of high-density lipoprotein cholesterol. Am J Cardiol. 2000;12A:57L-61L.
115. White Robinson A, Sloan HL, Arnold G. The antilipidemic effects of plain and extended-release niacin. Prev Cardiol. 2000;3:131-135.
116. Chen MS, Bhatt DL. Highlights of the 2002 update to the 2000 American College of cardiology/American Heart Association acute coronary syndrome guidelines. Cardiol Rev. 2003;3:113-21.
117. Monroe VS, Kerensky RA, Rivera E, Smith KM, Pepine CJ. Pharmocologic plaque passivation for the reduction of recurrent cardiac events in acute coronary syndromes. J AM Coll Cardiol. 2003; 41:23S-30S.
118. Morgan JM, Carey CM, Lincoff A, Capuzzi DM. The effects of niacin on lipoprotein subclass distribution. Prev Cardiol. 2004 Fall;7(4):182-7.
119. Gadegbeku CA, Dhandayuthapani A, Shrayyef MZ, Egan BM. Hemodynamic effects of nicotinic acid infusion in normotensive and hypertensive subjects. Am J Hypertens. 2003;1;67-71.
120. Schnyder G, Roffi M, Flammer Y, Pin R, Hess OM. Effect of homocysteine-lowering therapy with folic acid, vitamin B12, and vitamin B6 on clinical outcome after percutaneous coronary intervention: the Swiss Heart study: a randomized controlled trial. JAMA. 2002:8:973-9.
121. O'Connor JJ, Meurer LN. Should patients with coronary disease and high homocysteine take folic acid? J Fam Pract. 2003:52:7-8.
122. Fleming T., ed. Vitamin B6. In: PDR® for Nutritional Supplements. Montvale, NJ: Medical Economics Company; 2001: 469-477.
123. Joshi R, Adhikari S, Patro BS, Chattopadhyay S, Mukherjee T. Free radical scavenging behavior of folic acid: evidence for possible antioxidant activity. Free Radic Biol Med. 2001;30:1390-9.
124. Rissanen PM, Laakkonen EI, Suntioinen S, Penttila IM, Uusitupa MI. The nutritional status of Finnish home-living elderly people and the relationship between energy intake and chronic diseases. Age Aging. 1996;25:133-8.
125. Herbert V. Folic acid. In: Shils ME, Olson JA, Shine M, Ross AC, Eds. Modern Nutrition in Health and Disease. 9th ed. Baltimore, Md: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins; 1999:433-446.
126. Fairfield KM, Fletcher RH. Vitamins for chronic disease prevention in adults: scientific review. JAMA. 2002;287:3116-26.
127. Masuda Y, Kokubu T, Yamashita M, Ikeda H, Inoue S. EGG phosphatidylcholine combined with vitamin B12 improved memory impairment following lesioning of nucleus basalis in rats. Life Sci. 1998;62:813-22.
128. Weir DG, Scott JM. Vitamin B12 “Cobalamin,” In: Shils ME, Olson JA, Shine M, Ross AC, Eds. Modern Nutrition in Health and Disease. 9th ed. Baltimore, Md: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins; 1999: 457-458.
129. Mock DM. Biotin. In: Shils ME, Olson JA, Shine M, Ross AC, Eds. Modern Nutrition in Health and Disease. 9th ed. Baltimore, Md: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins; 1999:459-466.
130. Fleming T., ed. Biotin. In: PDR® for Nutritional Supplements. Montvale, NJ: Medical Economics Company; 2001: 50-55.
131. Said HM. Biotin: the forgotten vitamin. Am J Clin Nutr. 2002 Feb;75(2):179-80.
132. Vargiu R, Licheri D, Carcassi AM, et al. Enhancement of muscular performance by a coformulation of propionyl-L-Carnitine, coenzyme Q10, nicotinamide, riboflavin and pantothenic acid in the rat. Physiol Behav. 2002;2:257-63.
133. Institute of Medicine. Pantothenic acid In: Dietary reference intakes for thiamin, riboflavin, niacin, vitamin B6, folate, vitamin B12, pantothenic acid, biotin, and choline. Washington D.C. The National Academy Press. 1999:357.
134. Wood M. Folate and choline interplay investigated. Agricult Res. 2001;3:16-17.
135. Zeisel SH, Mar MH, Howe JC, Holden JM. Concentration of choline-containing compounds and betaine in common foods. J Nutr. 2003;5:1302-7.
136. Institute of Medicine. Choline In: Dietary reference intakes for thiamin, riboflavin, niacin, vitamin B6, folate, vitamin B12, pantothenic acid, biotin, and choline. Washington D.C. The National Academy Press. 1999:390.

Ingredients

Frequently Asked Questions

Ask a Question

Submit a question and our panel of experts will respond within 24-48 hours.

Product:	Clinical Nutrients™ for Men
*Name:
*Email:
Phone:
*Your Question:

Find a Store