Technical Data
Description
Cell Forté® Max3 features an exclusive combination of IP-6 and Inositol, maitake D-fraction, and POA Cat's Claw, which support immune system health and healthy cell development.†
How Does It Work?
Inositol Hexaphosphate (IP-6) and Inositol
Both inositol hexaphosphate and inositol are naturally occurring compounds. Inositol is part of the B vitamin complex, and is found in both plant and animal cells.
1 Inositol hexaphosphate (IP-6 or phytic acid) is a component of fiber often found in grains and legumes. Its chemical structure is described as an inositol molecule with six phosphate groups (hexa=6) attached.
2 Inositol triphosphate (IP-3, or inositol bound to three phosphate groups) is the form of the compound that is believed to have the most beneficial health effects.† However, IP-3 is not stable outside the body.†
3
Dr. A. Shamsuddin, a leading researcher in the field of IP-6 and inositol, patented the ratio of IP-6 to inositol found in Cell Forte Max3. He hypothesizes that IP-6 functions by breaking down (dephosphorylation, or separation of the phosphate groups) into its more active forms, particularly IP-3. When IP-6 loses three phosphate groups it becomes IP-3. When inositol is given along with IP-6, it can accept (bind to) the phosphates that are liberated from the breakdown of IP-6. Inositol binding to three of the liberated phosphate groups forms another molecule of IP-3. In this way the levels of active IP-3 molecules are increased.4 Research suggests that IP-6, and its lower phosphorylated forms, help support healthy cell development.†5,6
Both the molecular ratio and the weight ratio of IP-6 to inositol are important in Cell Forté Max3.
| |
Molecular Ratio |
Weight |
| IP-6 |
1 |
400 mg |
| Inositol |
1 |
110 mg |
One molecule of IP-6 is four times the weight of an inositol molecule. A 1:1 molecular ratio, the ratio that yields maximum IP-3 production, is obtained by combining 400 mg IP-6 to 110 mg of inositol. Any variance from this 1:1 molecular ratio results in a significant reduction of IP-3 molecules produced.
4 It is the molecular ratio, unique to the patent that distinguishes
Cell Forté Max3 from other products. Therefore, no other product can yield the optimal amount of IP-3 that
Cell Forté Max3 can deliver.†
Research has demonstrated that IP-6 combined with inositol increases the activity of natural killer cells.†5,6 Natural killer (NK) cells are an important sub-population of circulating lymphocytes (white blood cells). The primary functions of NK cells are overall immune surveillance and immunoregulation. Increased NK cell often results enhanced support of healthy immune cells and healthy immune system function.†
Maitake D-Fraction
Maitake (Grifola frondosa) mushrooms have a large fruiting body characterized by overlapping caps. Often referred to as Dancing Mushrooms or Hen-of-the-Woods, maitakes are popular edible mushrooms in Asia, especially Japan and China. Several maitake compounds have been identified, including the beta-glucan, maitake D-fraction. This branched polysaccharide has several immune health supportive functions.†7
Specifically, maitake D-fraction supports healthy cell growth and function.†8,9 Maitake D-fraction also supports healthy natural killer cell development, macrophage activation, and cytotoxic T cell release.† These actions, in turn, trigger production of interleukins and other lymphokines, chemicals that help mediate a healthy immune response.† In published scientific studies, maitake d-fraction has been shown to have significant immune system effects.†10-13
POA Cat's Claw Root Extract
Cat's claw (Uncaria tomentosa) is native to the rainforest of Peru. The plant is a woody vine that climbs up and around tall rainforest trees, attaching itself to the trunk with curved cat-like claws located at the junction of leaves.14,15 While the leaves, stem, and bark of Uncaria tomentosa have all been used as supplements for support of healthy immune function, only the root extracts of the plant have been scientifically identified and clinically studied.† This is due to the presence of pentacyclic oxindole alkaloids (POAs) in cat's claw root extract.16,17
Cat's claw POAs have important immune supportive health properties.† Certain POAs increase the rate of macrophage phagocytosis and the production of interleukin secreted by macrophages.† Cat's claw POAs also increase B cells, resulting in an increased supply of antibodies.†17-19
The POAs in cat's claw root extract also have immune-modulating effects in T lymphocyte response. POAs support the release of mature cytotoxic CD8 T cells (killer T cells), mature CD4 T cells, and other mature T cells.†17-19 Release of these immature cells, called lymphoblasts, actually reduces the effectiveness of the immune system response.†20 Cat's claw POAs support a balanced immune system and healthy immune response.†15-19 In unpublished studies, POA Cat's Claw has been shown to significantly support immune health in humans.†21-23
Cell Forté® Max3 is standardized to contain 1.3% pentacyclic oxindole alkaloids and to be free of tetracyclic oxindole alkaloids (TOAs). While POAs support immune health, tetracyclic oxindole alkaloids have decidedly different effects in the body, none supporting immune system cells.† 24-26 Most importantly, however, when POAs and TOAs are mixed together, the TOAs work against the POAs. Even as little as 1% TOA content can cause POAs to lose their ability to beneficially support the immune system.†17,27 Additionally, the presence of TOAs may negate the effectiveness not only of the POAs of cat's claw, but of IP-6 with inositol as well.28
SUMMARY
The three ingredients in Cell Forte® Max3 all have scientifically demonstrated immune supportive effects, including support of healthy lymphocytes: B cells, helper T cells, killer T cells, suppressor T cells, neutrophils, and macrophages.† It is theorized that when IP-6 and inositol, maitake mushrooms, and POA Cat's Claw Extract are combined they work synergistically to support healthy cell development.†
The following chart details the immune supportive benefits of Cell Forte® Max3.
| White Blood Cells |
Cell Forté Max3 Action |
B Cells
The major function of B cells is the production of antibodies in
response to antigens (bacteria and viruses). Activated B cells mature into plasma cells,
which produce thousands of antigen-specific antibodies per second.20,29 |
B cells exposed to Cell Forté Max3 ingredients demonstrated increased
healthy cell activity, which resulted in healthy antibody production.† 17 |
Helper T Cells
These T cells serve as the master switch for the immune system.
Activated helper T cells (also known as CD4 cells) attract and activate B cells, killer T
cells, macrophages, and other immune cells.20,29,30 |
Supports healthy proliferation of helper T cells and improves healthy communication of
the immune system as a whole.† 17, 27 |
Killer T Cells
Also referred as cytotoxic T cells or CD8 cells) killer T cells
are alerted to the presence of antigens (bacteria, viruses, fungi, and tumor cells) by
antigen glycoproteins. Once activated, killer T cells destroy targeted antigens by releasing
lethal enzymes, and toxic cytokines.20,29 |
Supports the healthy proliferation of effective, mature T cells; supports healthy immune
resistance response to antigens.† 17, 27 |
Suppressor T Cells
Provide balance to the immune response. Suppressor T cells
release biochemicals to alert the immune cells that the antigens have been destroyed.20,30 |
Supports the healthy proliferation of mature suppressor T cells and supports healthy
balance to the immune response.† 17-19 |
Neutrophils
Neutrophils are attracted to sites of injury and infection, where
they engulf and digest (the process of phagocytosis) antigens (bacteria). The pus that forms
in abscesses or other wounds, is made up of dead neutrophils and other cellular debris.29,30 |
Supports the healthy production of neutrophils and supports the rate of healthy
phagocytosis in the presence of antigens.† 17 |
Macrophages
Macrophages have several immune functions. They secrete biochemicals
that prime B cells and T cell activities. They also phagocytose antigens (virally infected
cells and tumor cells) Some macrophages attach themselves to specific tissues and devote
their immune efforts on site.20 |
Supports the healthy secretion of macrophage-induced biochemical secretions and supports
healthy macrophage production in the presence of antigens.† 10,12,16,31 |
Natural Killer (NK) Cells
In contrast to other white blood cells, NK cells do
not require communication with other immune cells prior to activity. NK cells automatically
kill antigens (tumor cells and virally infected cells). They continually perform overall
surveillance and healthy immunoregulation.20,29,30 |
Supports healthy activity of NK cells.† Provides healthy support of
immunoregulation and overall immune system surveillance.†5,6,31-35 |
Recommendations
Two UltraCaps™ twice daily for maintenance. Best taken on an empty stomach. For maximum support, up to 16 UltraCaps may be taken per day.
Precautions
If pregnant, nursing, or taking prescription drugs, consult your healthcare practitioner prior to use.
How Is It Supplied?
Storage Recommendations
Store at controlled room temperature, 59° to 86°F (15°-30°C)
References
- Fleming T., ed. Myo-inositol. In: PDR® for Nutritional Supplements. Montvale, NJ: Medical Economics Company; 2001:315-318.
- Fleming T., ed. Inositol hexaphosphate. In: PDR® for Nutritional Supplements. Montvale, NJ: Medical Economics Company; 2001:222-223.
- US Patent and Trademark Office. Patent number 5,082,833; Inventor: Abulkalam M. Shamsuddin; patent date: January 21, 1992.
- Shamsuddin AM. IP6: An anticancer cocktail: IP-6 and inositol. In: IP6: Nature's Revolutionary Cancer Fighter. New York: Kensington Publishing Corp;1998:115-121.
- Shamsuddin AM, Ullah A, Chakravarthy AK. Inositol and inositol hexaphosphate suppress cell proliferation and tumor formation in CD-1 mice. Carcinogenesis. 1989;10:1461-1463.
- Vucenik I, Yang GY, Shamsuddin AM. Inositol hexaphosphate and inositol inhibit DMBA-induced rat mammary cancer. Carcinogenesis. 1995;16(5):1055-1058.
- Kidd PM. The use of mushroom glucans and proteoglycans in cancer treatment. Altern Med Rev. 2000;5:4-27.
- Yamada Y, Nanba H, Kuroda H. Antitumor effect of orally administered extracts from fruit body of Grifola frondosa (maitake). Chemotherapy. 1990;38:790–796.
- Matsui K, Kodama N, Nanba H. Effects of maitake (Grifola frondosa) D-Fraction on the carcinoma angiogenesis. Cancer Lett. 2000;172:193-8.
- Sanzen I, Imanishi N, Takamatsu N, et al. Nitric oxide-mediated antitumor activity induced by the extract from Grifola frondosa (Maitake mushroom) in a macrophage cell line, RAW264.7. J Exp Clin Cancer Res. 2001;20:591-597.
- Inoue A, Kodama N, Nanba H. Effect of maitake (grifola frondosa) D-fraction on the control of the T lymph node Th-1/Th-2 proportion. Biol Pharm Bull. 2002;25:536-540.
- Adachi Y, Okazaki M, Ohno N, Yadomae T. Enhancement of cytokine production by macrophages stimulated with (1<-->>3)-beta-D-glucan, grifolan (GRN), isolated from Grifola frondosa. Biol Pharm Bull. 1994;17:1554-60.
- Kodama N, Yamada M, Nanba H. Addition of Maitake D-fraction reduces the effective dosage of vancomycin for the treatment of Listeria-infected mice. Jpn J Pharmacol. 2001;87:327-332.
- Steinberg P. Uncaria tomentosa (cat's claw): a wondrous herb from the Peruvian rainforest. Townsend Letter for Doctors. 1994;442-443.
- Saventaro Cat's Claw and Cancer Therapeutics. The Doctor's Prescription for Healthy Living. 1999;4:16-17.
- LeMaire I, Assinewe V, Cano P, Awang D, Arnason JT. Stimulation of interleukin-1 and-6 production in alveolar macrophages by the neotropical liana, Uncaria tomentosa (uña de gato). J Ethnopharmacol. 1999;64:109-115.
- Wurm M, Kacani L, Laus G, Keplinger K, Dierich MP. Pentacyclic oxindole alkaloids from Uncaria tomentosa induce human endothelial cells to release a lymphocyte-proliferation-regulating factor. Planta Medica. 1998;65:701-704.
- Wagner H, Kreutzkamp B, Jurcic K. Die alkaloide von uncaria tomentosa und ihre phagozytose-steigernde wirkung (The alkaloids of Uncaria tomentosa and their phagocytosis increasing effects). Planta Medica. 1985;5:419-423.
- Kreutzkamp B. Niedermolekulare Inhaltsstoffe mit immunstimulierenden Eigenschaften aus Uncaria tomentosa, Okouba aubrivellei und andere Drogen, Inaugural Dissertation, Universität München.1994:71-72.
- Yarbo CH, McFadden ME. Maturation of the lymphocyte. In: Groenwald SL, Hansen Frogge M, Goodman M, Henke Yarbo C Cancer Nursing: Principles and Practice. 4th ed. Sudbury, Ma: Jones and Bartlett; 1997: 1294-1295.
- Unpublished study. Retrospective analysis of an open framed trial of 78 brain cancer patients. IMMODAL, Pharmaka GmbH. Volders, Austria.
- Unpublished study. Open-framed trial of 14 HIV-infected patients. IMMODAL, Pharmaka GmbH. Volders, Austria.
- Unpublished study. Double-blind, placebo controlled clinical trial in rheumatoid arthritis. IMMODAL, Pharmaka GmbH. Volders, Austria.
- Jin RM, Chen CX, Li YK, Xu PK. Effect of rhynchophylline on platelet aggregation and experimental thrombosis. Yao Hsueh Hsueh Pao. 1991;26:246-249.
- Zhang W, Liu GX. Effects of rhynchophylline on myocardial contractility in anaesthetized dogs and cats. Chung Kuo Yao Li Hsueh Pao. 1986;7:426-428.
- Zhang W, Liu GX, Huang XN. Effect of rhynchophylline on the contraction of rabbit aorta. Chung Kuo Li Hsueh Pao. 1987;8:425-429.
- Keplinger K, Laus G, Wurm M, Dierich MP, Teppner H. Uncaria tomentosa (Willd.) DC.--ethnomedicinal use and new pharmacological, toxicological and botanical results. J Ethnopharmacol. 1999;64:23-34.
- Keplinger, J. IMMODAL. Pharmaka GmbH, Volders, Austria. In house communication (electronic mail). May 29, 2002
- Sommers C. Immunity and inflammation. In: Porth CM. Pathophysiology: Concepts of Altered Health States. 5th ed. Philadelphia, Pa: Lippincott; 1998: 189-212.
- Guyton AC, Hall JE. Control of cell growth and cell reproduction. In: Textbook of Medical Physiology. 10th Ed. Philadelphia, Pa: W.B. Saunders Company; 2000: 35
- Johnson M, Tucci M, Benghuzzi H, Cason Z, Hughes J.The effects of inositol hexaphosphate on the inflammatory response in transformed RAW 264.7 macrophages. Biomed Sci Instrum. 2000;36:21-6.
- Vucenik I, Zhang ZS, Shamsuddin AM. IP6 in treatment of liver cancer. II. Intra-tumoral injection of IP6 regresses pre-existing human liver cancer xenotransplanted in nude mice. Anticancer Res. 1998;18:4091-4096.
- Vucenik I, Kalebic T, Tantivejkul K, Shamsuddin AM. Novel anticancer function of inositol hexaphosphate: inhibition of human rhabdomyosarcoma in vitro and in vivo. Anticancer Res. 1998;18:1377-1384.
- Ishikawa T, Nakatsuru Y, Zarkovic M, Shamsuddin AM. Inhibition of skin cancer by IP6 in vivo: initiation-promotion model. Anticancer Res. 1999;19:3749-3752.
- Vucenik I, Tantivejkul K, Zhang ZS, Cole KE, Saied I, Shamsuddin AM. IP6 in treatment of liver cancer. I. IP6 inhibits growth and reverses transformed phenotype in HepG2 human liver cancer cell line. Anticancer Res. 1998;18(6A):4083-4090.
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